The arrangement of the bathroom is a responsible event that raises a lot of questions among the owners who perform the installation of equipment on their own. A wide selection of sinks provides consumers with the opportunity to select equipment for any interior.
We will talk about how to install a sink in the bathroom in accordance with building codes and sanitary and hygienic requirements. In the article we presented, examples of mounting the built-in and console versions are considered. Based on our recommendations, you can cope with the work yourself.
The main types of sinks
The installation method of plumbing equipment is determined by the type of sink. Leading manufacturers produce several types of sinks.
The most common are four types of sinks, differing in installation method:
- Embedded. They are installed in the countertop of the cabinet, table or any other flat surface. Such models are convenient in that they allow you to completely hide unattractive communications behind the doors of furniture.
- Cantilever. They are suspended structures that are fixed to the wall using a ready-made installation system. Models of this type look stylish and modern.
- With a pedestal. Models of the Tulip series have a decorative element in the form of a pedestal, on which a massive bowl rests. Drain valves are hidden inside the support.
- With a semi-pedestal. Models of this type are also equipped with a pedestal. But it does not rest on the floor, but on the wall. Due to this, wall-mounted models look more elegant. Installation of such equipment is complicated by the need to bring to a given drain height.
Built-in sinks can be mounted on top of the countertop, fixed by the sides along the perimeter of the base, or can be built into the structure from below.
Regardless of the installation method, the bathroom sinks on sale are very diverse in shape and configuration: oval, round, cubic
In bathrooms where it is not possible to install a worktop of standard width, it is convenient to use semi-built-in models that simply bend around the edge of the worktop.
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Wall-mounted washbasin model
Surface mounted variety
Mortise installation type of outboard model
Overhead option with frontal platforms
Overhead bowl cut into countertop
Corner bath sink solution
Overhead sink with pedestal
Hanging plumbing with semi-pedestal
The only caveat - when installing such plumbing, you will need to install an impromptu cabinet, behind which all communications will be hidden.
Console and built-in models are chosen by the owners of small bathrooms, in which every centimeter of area is “for calculation”
How to dismantle old equipment?
To dismantle an old appliance, first shut off the water, then loosen the mixer. To do this, unscrew the nut fixing it. The equipment is disconnected from the supply pipes, carefully removed and cleaned.
Having unscrewed the taps, you must make sure that stagnant or coming from the pipeline water does not leak through the control valve
After that, the drain elements are dismantled:
- From the lower outer part of the sanitary element, the nuts are unscrewed.
- Disconnect the siphon glass from the drain outlet, free it of water and clean it of accumulated dirt.
- Remove the liquid from the drain and manually unscrew the lock nut by rotating it counterclockwise.
If the siphon is supposed to be replaced at the stage of dismantling the equipment, it must be separated from the drain pipe. To do this, unscrew the locking nut located at the connection point of the drain and the hydraulic lock, carefully lift the drain and remove the siphon.
Before removing the drain together with the installed gasket, you must move the wedge-shaped spacer washer to the side. At the final stage, it remains only to pull the outlet pipe with the siphon attached from the sewer socket.
To prevent accumulated water from disassembling the elements on the floor, it is advisable to install a bucket or any storage tank under the siphon
After completion of work, in order to prevent the spread of unpleasant odor, the hole of the sewer pipe is carefully closed with a cork or a piece of fabric folded several times.
If you have to dismantle a sink attached to the wall using combined stands, the mounting points should be sought on the sides, closer to the bottom of the washbasin. If the bowl does not have a floor support, when unscrewing the nuts, the sink should be held by hands so that it does not fall to the floor under its own weight.
Console Shell Installation Procedure
There is nothing complicated in installing a sink in the bathroom without resorting to the services of professionals. The main thing is to strictly adhere to the installation technology, which includes several main stages.
Properly executed installation of the sink is the key to the normal functioning of plumbing equipment and ease of use by households, as well as the absence of regular repair work
To perform the work you will need the following tools:
- electric drill;
- concrete drills;
- building level;
- tape measure and a simple pencil;
- spanners;
- expansion dowels;
- construction glue;
- self-tapping screws;
- FUM tape.
Brackets for installing a hanging sink can be made in the form of welded elements of a G- and T-shape, or in the form of frames, "wrapping" the installed plumbing. The second option is preferable in that it eliminates the risk of the bowl shifting to one side.
Anchorages for exclusive designer plumbing with an unusual shape are usually included. For greater presentability, they can be coated with ceramic or metal compositions. Before starting work, it is important to determine whether the wall adjacent to the plumbing will withstand the additional load.
If, when deepening the same nail, it easily enters a vertical plane, the diameter and length of the fasteners should be increased, and if the opportunity allows, then even acquire a special supporting frame
In the plastered layer of a concrete or brick wall, the length of the fastening and the depth of its immersion should be at least 30 mm. Since the bracket should be attached to the sink as tightly as possible, the anchor should be selected for each case individually, taking into account not only the strength of the base, but also the weight of the washbasin.
Preliminary surface marking
First of all, determine the location of the sink in the bathroom and the height of the installation. This parameter is determined from the calculation so that it is convenient for households to use plumbing equipment.
The generally accepted standard height of the shell is 85 cm, it is designed for adult height, which is on average 165-180 cm
Having determined the height of the bowl, a horizontal line is drawn on the wall, indicating its upper limit. Additionally, two lines are drawn perpendicular to the floor, the distance between which corresponds to the width of the bowl, taking into account the thickness of its walls.
When marking, it is important to check with the construction level. If the wall is tiled so that the suspension equipment looks more aesthetically pleasing, when determining the location of the mounting holes for its fixation, it is worth considering the location of the tile joints.
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Standard sink height
Convenience of using a place for washing hands
Altitude change due to communications
Influence of design features on height
Making holes for fasteners
To install the brackets in the outer supporting walls of the bowl from the back, turn the product upside down. A plumbing fixture with mounted brackets is pushed to a horizontal line. Along the drawn line indicate the location of the mounting fixtures.
Holes with a diameter of 1-2 mm smaller than the size of prepared dowels are drilled at the designated points of future fastenings using an electric drill. The mounting screw in the "socket" must be difficult to enter.
Small portions of glue are poured into the holes to enhance the strength of the joints, then the bushings are driven in and the support brackets are installed for mounting the bowl
Expansion dowels of kapron or other polymer execution are driven into the prepared holes; screws of self-tapping screws are screwed into them with the corresponding diameter. Then the brackets themselves are screwed.
A little trick: so that at the time of making holes the drill drill does not slip on the tile, sticky mounting foam is glued to the treated area.
Mounting the bowl
Tighten the self-tapping screws, check the strength of the fasteners. On top of the mounting studs put on the sink. On self-tapping screws put on sealing liners and washers, and then gently tighten the structure. The washbasin is additionally fixed with sealant or clips.
When twisting the screws, you do not need to make much effort, otherwise the surface of the washbasin may become covered with a scattering of cracks or crack
The task of the master when tightening the washers is to achieve the effect so that the bowl does not swing. Mounts are decorated by wearing caps. In order to prevent the occurrence of mold when water gets into the gap between the sink and the wall, this place must be additionally covered with silicone plumbing.
Connecting the siphon to communications
Installation of the siphon begins with fixing the release. To do this, a mesh, a rubber or silicone gasket and a clamping screw are installed in the drain hole. The presence of the gasket is necessary, as it ensures the tightness of the connection.
When installing the gaskets, it is important to ensure that they fit the washbasin drain as tightly as possible, without any gaps or offsets.
After making sure that the gaskets are installed correctly, tighten the clamping screw, thereby connecting the outlet to the siphon. After that, the end of the outlet pipe made of hard plastic or corrugated hose is connected to the sewer socket.
When connected to the sewer, it is mandatory to use gaskets, which may be rubber gaskets or cuffs for corrugations.
Mixer installation process
It is better to install the plumbing fixture before fixing the washbasin to the wall. After installing the plumbing, connecting it will be much more difficult. For this purpose, the supplied mounting studs and flexible connectors are screwed into the mixer.
Using this eyeliner, they connect the sink mixer to the water supply. To seal the joints in order to prevent possible leakage, wrap the FUM tape.
Hoses for water supply are inserted into the hole, having previously put on them from the bottom side moon-shaped gaskets and washers
One end of the hose, equipped with fittings or mounting units, is connected to the mixer, and the other to the water pipes. When the diameters of the pipe and the output diverge, put on a sealing cuff.
At the final stage of the connection, it remains to check the operability of the system and make sure that there are no leaks at the joints of pipes and cuffs.
You will find a step-by-step guide to installing the mixer on the sink in the recommended article, which we strongly recommend that you familiarize yourself with.
Assembling and connecting a tulip sink
The bulk of the sink with a pedestal is distributed on the decorative-supporting leg, however, fixing the bowl directly to the wall is still done. The installation and connection of this plumbing involves a number of traditional steps. The following photo gallery will help you get acquainted with it:
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Before installing and connecting a tulip-type sink, we arrange water sockets and a drain into the sewer. We finish the finishing work if the repair was carried out
Before payment we study a complete set of a sink. We buy, deliver home and unpack the acquired plumbing
We install the sink on the pedestal at the place of the planned location to determine and mark the points of the brackets. We drill holes according to the marking, put the dowels into which we screw the fasteners
We hang a sink on the brackets screwed into the wall, on the back we fix its position with fixing nuts. We seal the line with the wall
We install the mixer in the center of the rear shelf of the sink, we fix the water folding device from the bottom
Connected to the bottom end of the mixer, two flexible inlets are connected to water sockets in accordance with the hot / cold side on the device
We install a drain device, we connect a siphon to the sink. Then we connect the siphon outlet to the outlet into the sewer
We open the taps and check the quality of the connection. If everything is normal and there is no leak, put the leg back in place, after having pasted its upper and lower end with a foam tape
Stage 1: Plumbing Connection Points
Stage 2: Purchase and study of a complete set of the device
Stage 3: Installing Bowl Brackets
Stage 4: Hanging the sink and sealing the joint
Stage 5: Installing the mixer on board the sink
Stage 6: Connecting the mixer to the water supply lines
Stage 7: Siphon Connection
Step 8: Installing the Tulip Sink Pedestal
With details on installing a tulip-type sink, it is described in detail in the next article, the contents of which are fully devoted to this issue.
Features of mounting a built-in washbasin
Models of built-in type are embedded in the countertop from below or from above.
Each installation method has its own nuances:
- When installing the bowl on top, it will protrude above the surface from one to three centimeters.
- The lower insertion method is preferred in that it is convenient to collect the sprays during operation with just one movement.
Regardless of whether the sink is completely recessed into the cabinet, or if it partially rises above the surface, the drain fittings will still be located inside the cabinet.
If you plan to mount the built-in washbasin, be prepared for the fact that you need to perform perfect processing of all joints
To make an insert from the bottom, L-shaped fasteners are used, and fixing is performed to the base of the support.
Marking the installation site
To simplify the layout of the countertops for installing a recessed sink, the use of a template will help. Many leading manufacturers attach it to most built-in models.
When determining the location for installing the washbasin, two conditions are followed:
- The sink should not be on the very edge or against the wall.
- It should provide free access and ease of use.
The meaning of creating the correct layout is that the washbasin is firmly fixed in the countertop, but does not fall through the hole in it.
For lack of a template, the sink is turned upside down and applied to the surface. Draw a contour with a simple pencil.
The line of the inner contour traditionally 1.5-2 cm recedes to the center relative to the outer line; it serves as a guide when cutting holes for the bowl
To correctly calculate the distance from the edges of the plumbing to the eyes of the fixtures, take measurements and transfer them to the circled circuit. The resulting size determines the distance that you should deviate from the line to create an internal contour that acts as a support for the sides of the bowl.
Sawing and edging
The hole for installing the bowl is done using a jigsaw. If you have to work with a hacksaw, be prepared for the fact that you need to trim the edges.
When working with a hacksaw, in order to get a neat cut, first a hole is drilled in the area of the marking line inside the outlined contour. Its diameter should be such that the hacksaw blade fits freely.
Important! To minimize the risk of chips on the decorative surface of the countertop, sawing should be done slowly and without excessive effort.
The end surfaces of the created hole are treated with fine-grained emery paper or polished with a file.
To avoid problems with leakage during operation of the equipment, the cleaned edges of the cut-off of the countertop in 2-3 layers are covered with a sealing compound
When choosing a sealant, it is important to focus on the type of material used in the manufacture of countertops. So for plastic and wooden coatings, alcohol-based sealing impregnations are used.
Bowl installation and equipment connection
The bowl is installed in the countertop and buried. To ensure a tight fit, the product is slightly rotated back and forth. After that, it remains only to tighten the installed fasteners and remove the silicone with a napkin, which is squeezed out when the bowl is planted in place. The assembled and fixed structure is left for a day until the adhesive composition completely dries.
To connect the equipment, a mixer is installed in the hole, connected to hoses and fixed with fasteners. The outlet of the siphon is taken out to the sink, a pipe is connected to it, which is led into the sewer socket.
In general, the technology for connecting the mixer and siphon of the built-in sink is almost identical to that described during the installation of the console model.
The specifics of assembling the complex from the countertop and overhead sink are given here; we recommend that you familiarize yourself with very useful material.
A few useful tips for installing sinks are provided in the following videos.
Video # 1. Wall Mount Model Installation Guide:
Video # 2. Highlights when installing the built-in model:
Video # 3. How to insert a sink into a countertop:
When planning to install a washbasin located below the table level, it is better to use the services of a professional plumber. After all, this installation method is often chosen for expensive models made of natural or artificial stone.
And this requires not only the availability of special equipment for stone cutting, but also the subtleties of working with capricious material.
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